They can be considered synonymous with integrated circuits in electronics. Intensively developing research areas in MF are lab-on-chip (LOC) devices and microanalytical systems (μTAS). It has made great progress in the last 15 to 20 years. It has wide applicability in many fields, with particular emphasis on biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, medicine, pharmacology, and food and environmental analysis. MF spans several disciplines-physical and chemical sciences, micromechanics, electronics, and mechanical engineering. Scientists consider it a new discipline not only because of the recent emergence of microfluidic (MF) devices that can implement rapid solutions to complex analytical problems at the microscale but also because the physical principles of fluid flow at such small length scales differ from those in macrosystems.
Microfluidics (MF) is a relatively new branch of science and microengineering that deals with manipulating fluids in microchannels with at least one dimension of 1 to 100 micrometers, as shown in Figure 1.
Advances in detection methods are reported, and new applications in proteomics and peptidomics, quality control of peptide and protein pharmaceuticals, analysis of proteins and peptides in biomatrices and determination of their physicochemical parameters are highlighted. The state of the art of microchip platforms for cell sorting and single-cell analysis is also discussed. Recent developments and applications of capillary and microchip (electro)separation methods in proteomic and peptidomic analysis are summarized.
The application of microfluidics in combination with MS detection and other novel techniques to answer clinical questions is also discussed in the context of disease diagnosis and therapy. This review provides an overview of using microfluidic systems for peptidomics, proteomics and cell analysis. In peptidomics and proteomics, microfluidics is often used in combination with mass spectrometric (MS) analysis. There are numerous ways to fabricate the necessary microchannels and integrate them into microfluidic platforms. Currently, microfluidic devices play an important role in many biological, chemical, physical, biotechnological and engineering applications. Microfluidic technology offers a growing number of tools for manipulating small volumes of fluid to control chemical, biological, and physical processes relevant to separation, analysis, and detection.
Microfluidics is the advanced microtechnology of fluid manipulation in channels with at least one dimension in the range of 1–100 microns.
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